| 英语六级模拟试卷(08) -- 翻译 |
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Directions:Read the following passage carefully and complete it by translating each Chinese sentence or clause into an English one to suit the context. Please write your versions in space provided below the passage. For many young people, the late 1960s was a period of revolution against the moral values that had been the strength and pride of the past generations. They did not want to be hard-working and thrifty \[象前辈那样\]（71）. They rejected the idea that \[必须先尽义务后享受\]（72）, and that individuals must make sacrifices when it is necessary for the good of their children or of their community. They condemned patriotism as the cause of wars and rejected  authority——［不论是政府中的，宗教团体中的，学校中的还是家庭中的］（73）. All these narrow ideas, they declared, were things of the past and had always been wrong anyway.It was a distressing time for their elders. Previously happy parents found themselves\[被他们的年轻造反派不看在眼里\]（74）, who accused them of \[太为钱操心\]（75） and too anxious to impress the neighbors. “True success,” the young people explained, “is not a matter of money or position. It’s a matter of self-fulfillment. And self-fulfillment consists of reaching one’s goals and achieving happiness in one’s way \[不用去理会任何约束、责任或别人的看法\]（76）. We do have a duty to ourselves that is more important than duty to others, even to our own children.” Most parents \[感到难以接受子女们的这种态度\]（77）. They themselves had been brought up to respect traditional values; they had also learned to respect money \[因为在他们的青少年时期钱来之不易\]（78）. They had married in the late 1930s or early 1940s at a time when it was explained again and again that an unhappy childhood produces emotionally disturbed adults. \[已婚夫妇的首要责任\](79), therefore, was to think of their children’s happiness. On the other hand, \[在爸爸妈妈做出牺牲的同时\](80), they expected their children to obey the rules of “nice” behavior, and to grow up into adults that parents can be proud of.  the ideas that the young rebels of the 1960s rejected.
71.__________________ 72.__________________ 73.__________________ 74.__________________ 75.__________________ 76.__________________ 77.__________________ 78.__________________ 79.__________________ 80.__________________ 71．【答案】as their ancestors had been 【详细解答】本句看似简单，其关键在于句子的时态。要汉译英的部分是整个英语的方式状语从句，当然用连词as ；因为他们的前辈所做的事在前，方式状语从句的谓语动词要用过去完成时；还有一点要注意，不要译成had done而要译成had been，因为这是个省略从句,完整的句子应该是：as their ancestors had been hard-working and thrifty.（像前辈那样勤俭节约）。 72．【答案】duty must come before pleasure 【详细解答】本句要求译成英语的汉语是个无主句。汉语无主句的英译有多种方法，其中主要有两种：一种用被动语态，另一种用无生命的名词作主语。本句采用第二种方法，因为正好用两个无生命的名词：duty 和pleasure；谓语动词用既简单又准确的动词短语come before （在……之前）。 73．【答案】whether in government, religous groups, school, or family. 【详细解答】本句的关键是要用连词组合：whether...or...（无论……还是……）。另外，在whether...or...结构中，名词只能用单数形式，既不能用复数形式，也不能在名词前加任何像冠词之类的修饰词。 74．【答案】scorned by their young rebels 【详细解答】很清楚，要汉译英的部分在整个英语句子中作宾语补足语，要用过去分词短语来充当。“不看在眼里”当然不能逐字翻译，要意译，可以用 scorn, contempt, look down upon 等词（组）。 75．【答案】being too concerned with money 【详细解答】本句的关键点是汉译英部分是在英语原文中作介词of的宾语。“为……操心”可以译成be concerned with 或be worried about ；因为是作介词的宾语，所以要用动名词being concerned with... 或being worried about...。 76．【答案】without paying attention to rules, duties, or the opinions of others 【详细解答】本题首先要注意的是汉译英部分在英语原句中作伴随状语。其次，根据句意，正好用介词without +动名词短语来译。 77．【答案】found /felt it hard to accept their children’s attitude 【详细解答】本句可以用“动词find 或feel + 形式宾语it + 形容词+动词不定式”来译，也可“用动词+宾语从句”来译，译成：found/felt that it was hard/difficult to accept their children’s attitude 78．【答案】because it was scarce during their teenage years 【详细解答】很显然，汉译英部分在英语原文中是个原因状语从句。本句特别要注意的是在翻译“钱”这个词时要用代词it ，不要用名词money ，因为它在前面主句中出现了，再用就重复了显得很累赘。“来之不易”译成了形容词scarce ，说明他们当时很缺钱。 79．【答案】A married couple’s first duty 【详细解答】很清楚，汉译英部分是个名词短语，在英语原句中作主语。“已婚”用动词典marry的过去分词married来译。 80．【答案】while Mom and Dad were making sacrifices 【详细解答】很显然，汉译英部分在英语原文中是个时间状语从句。在强调动作同时进行时连词最好用while，“做出牺牲”译成 make sacrifices 。根据原文的意思，从句的谓语动词用过去进行时。 
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