Passage 4 Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
“I have considered the structure of all volant animals, and find the folding continuity of the bat’s wings most easily accommodated to the human form. Upon this model I shall begin my task tomorrow, and in a year expect to tower into the air beyond the malice or pursuit of man. But I will work only on this condition, that the art shall not be divulged, and that you shall not require me to make wings for any but ourselves.”
“Why,” said Rasselas.“should you envy others so great an advantage? All skill ought to be exerted for universal good; every man has owed much to others, and ought to repay the kindness that he has received.” “If men were all virtuous,” returned the artist.“I should with great alacrity teach them all to fly. But, what would be the security of the good, if the bad could at pleasure invade them from the sky? Against an army sailing through the clouds neither wall, nor mountains, nor seas, could afford any security. A flight of northern savages might hover in the wind, and light at once with irresistible violence upon the capital of a fruitful region that was rolling under them. Even this valley, the retreat of princes, the abode of happiness, might be violated by the sudden descent of some of the naked nations that swarm on the coast of the southern sea.”
36.The point of view of Rasselas is one that encourages____. A) helping others B) military victory C) intellectual pursuits D) artistic endeavors
37.The person to whom Rasselas is speaking is____. A)a tailor B)a gambler C) a bat D)an artist
38.The attitude of the person giving his point of view is one of____. A)optimism B) sprightliness C) distrust D) innocence
39.In this selection, the author is employing the literary device of___. A) onomatopoeia B) flashback C) symbolism D) alliteration
40.Worldwide peace, according to the passage, could come about by____ . A) arming for defense B) eliminating evil tendencies C) resorting to strategy D) establishing firm controls
Passage Four 短文大意： 本文作者利用文学上的象征手法，通过一位艺术学家同Rasselas的对话反映了作者的观点：人们不应妒忌别人的长处，要与人为善，帮助别人，因为人们的技能是从相互学习和取长补短中得到的，这样才能有益于社会，有益于他人和自己。同时还告诫世人：要想实现世界和平必须清除那种邪恶的思想倾向。 36. 【参考译文】Rasselas的观点是鼓励____。【试题分析】本题考查对作者观点的理解。【详细解答】作者通过Rasselas之口来表述自己的观点。从Rasselas的讲话中可以推断出：他的观点是帮助他人。...every man has owed much to others, and ought to repay the kindness that he has received（每个人都欠别人很多，而且都应对他收到的善待回报之。）这句话实际上告诉人们要帮助他人。故为A正确答案。 37. 【参考译文】那个和Rasselas讲话的人是位____。【试题分析】本题考查对全文的综合分析与理解能力。需根据上下文的内容进行推理。【详细解答】A．a tailor裁缝。和内容不符，因为没有一个句子谈到有关衣服的裁剪问题。B) gambler打赌者。文中也没有涉及任何赌博和赌注的事情。C)一只蝙蝠。Rasselas不可能在和一只蝙蝠对话。D．an artist一位艺术家。从全篇内容来看，两人的对话所涉及的观点都是针对艺术或技术方面的事情，从而证实他是一位艺术家，故D为正确答案。 38. 【参考译文】表述自己观点人的态度是一种____态度。【试题分析】本题对作者意图的理解，即通过这位艺术家之口中表明作者的意图和目的。【详细解答】从这位艺术家所发出的疑问中可以判断他是对自己所持的观点表示怀疑。如“ If men were all virtuous, I should with great alacrity teach them all to fly. But what would be the security of the good, if the bad could at pleasure invade them from the sky?（如果人们都是善良的，那么我就非常乐意教他们都飞起来。但是，如果那些坏家伙任意从天上来侵犯好人；好人的安全将会怎样？）这种自问自答的形式，正好表达了他的矛盾心理和对自己观点的怀疑和否定。故C为正确答案。 39. 【参考译文】在这篇选材中，作者运用的是文学上的____手法。【试题分析】本题考查对作者写作手法的了解和认识。【详细解答】A) onomatopoeia 拟声法。这种手法在此文中没有运用，故应排除。B．flashback倒叙法，也应排除;C) symbolism象征手法，作者通过形象的比喻来表述自己的观点，贯穿于全文之中。C) 头韵手法，这是诗歌写作中所使用的手法，不属于这一范围，只有C符合题意。 40. 【参考译文】根据短文意思，全世界的和平只有____才能实现。【试题分析】本题考查对作者意图的理解和推测。【详细解答】A．通过武力自卫。如果用这种方法实现世界和平，那只能会使军备竞赛更加激烈，根本不会有和平而言。C．通过实施计谋，这只能使国际间的间谍案频频发生，矛盾与冲突不间断，也不会有和平。D．通过建立强有力的控制，控制越紧，反抗越有力，哪里有控制，哪里就会有反控制，同样不会有和平。因此，要想实现和平。就必须消除那种罪恶企图与想法，彼此和平共处，相善与共处才是上上之策。这些都是作者所要表达的真正意图，故B为正确选择。
