Part Ⅳ Translation-Chinese into English (15 minutes)
71. 中国同美国在过去十年内所形成的战略伙伴关系(the strategic partnership),随着这次舒尔茨(George Shultz)国务卿(Secretary of State) 的北京之行而解体(give away)。人们认识到这两个国家根本就不是天然盟友。 72. 两国都把苏联看作对自己的威胁;但由于看法不同,而动机又相差甚远,所以原打算发展成一种“出于利害关系的联盟”(alliance of interests),也已宣告失败。 73. 舒尔茨离开北京之前也表示,他不认为中美关系主要是基于战略的考虑,尽管从1972年理查德?尼克松总统打开去中国的通路,直到1979年1月1日吉米?卡特总统同中国建立正式外交关系,美国的动机无可辩驳地就是如此。 74. 两国之间原来设想(envisage)的战略合作,特别是鉴于越南人(Vietnamese)人侵柬埔寨(Cambodia)和苏联(Soviet Union)人侵阿富汗(Afghanistan),这种设想尤为突出,但却从未实现过。 75. 在过去四年里,中国成了美国的主要贸易伙伴之一,华盛顿愿意同北京搞好关系,但是,既然事实上最好的可能性也不过是一种正常关系而已,美国也就只得听之任之了。
答案: 71.【参考译文】The strategic partnership that China and U. S. spent most of the past decade fashioning has given away with the visit to Beijing of Secretary of State, George Shultz to the realization that the two countries are simply not natural allies. 【翻译技巧】本题用“合译法”、“成分转换法”翻译。【翻译点评】原文由两句话构成,采用合译法将两句合译成一句。两句间存在因果关系,此时用give way to 短语来体现该关系。 72.【参考译文】Each perceives the Soviet Union as threatening its security, but in such different ways and for such different reasons that efforts to develop a projected “alliance of interests”have failed. 【翻译技巧】本句采用“顺译法”和“成分转换法”翻译。【翻译点评】原句由转折关系的两个分句构成,全句基本用顺译法来翻译。而第二分句的两部分由因果关系构成,此处用成分转换法把表原因的短语译为介词短语。 73 【参考译文】Before his departure, Mr.Shultz rejected the idea of Chinese-American relations based primarily on strategic considerations, although this was undeniably the American motive from President Richard Nixon’s opening to China in 1972 through President Jimmy Carter’s establishment of full diplomatic relations on Jan 1, 1979. 【翻译技巧】本句采用“增词法”、“成分转换法”、“词序调整法”来翻译。【翻译点评】原文中“认为”后接一个主谓关系的成分,此处将主谓关系译为名词短词,并增加了核心名词“idea”。而原文表时间关系的状语原本在最后,译文将其提到了“美国的动机无可辨驳地就是如此”之前。 74.【参考译文】But the strategic cooperation both countries envisaged, particularly in light of the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia and Soviet occupation of Afghanistan, never materialized. 【翻译技巧】本句采用“成分转换法”和“词序调整法”来翻译。【翻译点评】原文中“两国之间原来设想的战略合作”在译文中用“词序调整法”将定语后置;而原文中“鉴于……尤为突出”部分用“成分转换法”译为“in light of ”介词短语来翻译,使整个句子简洁明了。 75.【参考译文】Washington would like good relations with Beijing, which has become a major U. S. trading partner in the past four years, but is resigned to the fact that normal relations are all there can be. 【翻译技巧】本句采用“合译法”和“成分转换法”来翻译。【详细解答】原文中两个转折关系都采用了合译法,使译文中各成分间关系更明了。其中“中国成了……主要伙伴之一”被译作了修饰Beijing的非限定性定语从句。而最后两个因果关系的分句,译文将其译成了宾语从句。