| 英语六级模拟试卷(77) -- 阅读3 |
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Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet(工作单).Psychologists who study optimization(最优化)compare the actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decision to see how similar they are. Proponents(提议者)of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decision. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their essential aspect. Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the pertinent considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration of consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision. Since most important problems are multifaceted, there are several alternatives to choose from, each with unique advantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that[pc] it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can  and remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for many college students is the question “What will I do after graduation?” A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year.A decision-making worksheet begins with a concise statement of the problem that will also help to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals because long-range goals often involve a different  short-range ones. Focusing on long-range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to “What will I do after graduation that will lead to a successful career?”31.The passage mainly deals with_____. A) a tool to assist in making complex decisions B) a comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions C) research on how people make decisions D) differences between long-range and short-range decision making 32.What idea does the author want to convey in paragraph one? A) Classifying types of decision worksheets. B) Providing an academic background for decision worksheets. C) Explaining the working theory of a decision worksheet D) Describing the process of making a decision worksheet. 33.According to decision-worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that______. A) has the fewer variables to consider B) has the most points assigned to it C) uses the most decision worksheets D) is agreed to by the greatest number of people 34.It is implied but not stated in the passage that______. A) most decisions involve seven steps B) human mental capability has limitations C) some people have difficulty making minor as well as major decisions D) people can learn to keep more than seven ideas in their minds with practice 35.Which of the following is of primary importance to a decision worksheet? A) Writing down all possible solutions. B) Calculating a numerical summary of each solution. C) Defining the problem in a clear and concise way. D) Deciding which consequences are most important. 
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