一、文章开头句型 1-1 对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法, 适用于有争议性的主题. 例如(e.g)： [1]. When asked about....., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that ....... But I think/view a bit differently. [2]. When it comes to .... , some people believe that ....... Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements , but (I tend to the profer/latter ...) [3]. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that .... They claim/believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....
1-2 现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 . e.g [1]. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) ... has cause/ aroused public/popular/wide/worldwide concern. [2]. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of ... has been brought into focus. ( has been braught to public attention) [3].Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.
1-3 观点法 ----开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法. e.g: [1]. Never history has the change of .. been as evident as ... Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of .. been more visible/ popular than... [2]. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/ coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that... [3]. Now there is a growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to...... Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ...... [4]. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.......
1-4 引用法 ----- 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点! e.g: [1]. "Knowledge is power." such is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has been shared by more and more people . "Education is not complete with graduation." Such is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion. [2]."........." How often we hear such statements/words like theses /this . In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this "......".
1-5 比较法 ------ 通过对过去,现在 两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章要讨论的观点. e.g: [1]. For years, ...had been viewed as ... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ... , people ....... . [2]. People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new .
1-6 故事法 ---- 先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣, 引出文章的主题. e.g: [1]. Once in (a newspaper) , I read of/learnt .... The phenomenon of ... has aroused public concern. [2]. I have a friend who ... Should he .... ? Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life. [3]. Once upon a time , there lived a man who ... This story may be (unbelievable) , but it still has a realistic significance now.
1-7 问题法 ----- 先用讨论或解答的设问, 引出自己观点, 适用于有争议性的话题. e.g: Should/What ...... ? Options of ... vary greatly , some ..., others ... But in my opinion , ...... .
二、 文章中间主体内容句型 <一> 原因结果分析 2-1-1. 基本原因 --- 分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因. e.g: [1]. Why ... ? For one thing.. For another ... [2]. The answer to this problem involves many factors. For one thing... For another...... Still another ... [3]. A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect .... /both individual and social contribute to ....
2-1-2 另一原因 --------> 在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用! e.g: [1]. Another important factor is .... [2]. ... is also responsible for the change/problem. [3]. Certainly , the ... is not the sole reason for .....
2-1-3 后果影响 --------- 分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响 . e.g: [1]. It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on.... [2]. In involves some serious consequence for ........
< 二 > 比较对照句型 2-2-1. 两者比较 ---> 比较两事物, 要说出其一超过另一个, 或肯定一事物的优点, 也肯定其缺点的时候用 ! e.g: [1]. The advantages gained from A are much greater than the advantages we gain from B. [2]. Indeed, A carries much weight when compared with B. [3]. There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as positive effects.
2-2-2 . 两者相同/相似 ------> 比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用! e.g: [1]. A and B have several things in common. They are similar in that..... [2]. A bears some striking resemblances to B.
三、文章结尾形式 3-1 结论性--------- 通过对文章前面的讨论 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点 . e.g: [1]. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that ..... [2]. In summary/In a word , it is more valuable .......
3-2 后果性------ 揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果. e.g: [1]. We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of ... , if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of ....... [2]. Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chance that .. will be put in danger .
3-3 号召性 -------- 呼吁读者行动起来, 采取行动或提请注意. e.g: [1]. It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendency of ...... [2]. It is essential that effective measures should be taken to correct the tendency .
3-4 建议性 -------- 对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见, 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法. e.g: [1]. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The most popular is .... Another method is ... Still another one is ..... [2]. Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the situation.
3-5 方向性的结尾方式 ---- 其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的, 大体的方向或者指明前景. e.g: [1]. Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be recognized in a wide way . [2]. There is no quick method to the issue of .., but .. might be helpful/beneficial. [3]. The great challenge today is ...... There is much difficulty , but ........
3--6 意义性的结尾方式 --------> 文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义! e.g: [1]. Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the pay off might be worth the effort . It will not only benefit but also benefit ..... [2]. In any case, whether it is positive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly ......
