新英语六级考试猜词技巧1
一. 针对性解释
针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想,在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或 词汇等所作的解释。这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性,利用它们猜词义比较容易。
1. 根据定义猜测词义
如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义,理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。
例如:
Anthropology is the scientific study of man.
由定义可知,anthropology就是"研究人类的科学"。
In slang the term "jam" constitutes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation.
同样,从上下文的定义可知jam一词在"困境"。
定义句的谓语动词多为:be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define, represent, signify, constitute等。
2. 根据复述猜测词义
虽然复述不如定义那样严谨、详细,但是提供的信息足以使阅读者猜出生词词义。复述部分可以适当词、短语或是从句。
同位语:
Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently.
此例逗号中短语意为"对词的意义进行研究的学科"。该短语与前面生词semantics式同位关系,因此我们不难猜出semantics指"语义学"。
在复述中构成同位关系的两部分之间多用逗号连接,有时也使用破折号,冒号,分号,引号,和括号等。
Capacitance, or the ability to store electric charge, is one of the most common characteristics of electronic circuits.
由同位语我们很快猜出生词capacitance词义--电容量。需要注意的是:同位语前还常有or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other say. 等副词或短语出现。
定语从句:
Krabacber suffers from SAD, which is short for seasonal affective disorder, a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings.
根据生词SAD后面定语从句which is short for seasonal affective disorder和同位 语a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings, 我们可以推断出SAD含义,即"季节性情绪紊乱症"。
3. 根据举例猜测词义恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索
例如:
The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries are not confined to a small geographical area as they were in the past.
句中"战争"和"重大科学发现"是生词的实例,通过它们我们可以猜出epochal的 大致词义"重要的",这与其确切含义"划时代的"十分接近。
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