2008年CET6英语六级仿真试题（卷6）阅读

Section B
Passage One

It happened one morning 20 years ago. British scientist Alec Jeffrey stumbled upon DNA fingerprinting: He identified the patterns of genetic(基因的) material that are unique to almost every individual. His discovery changed everything from the way we do criminal investigations to the way we decide family law. But the professor of genetics at the University of Leicester, UK, is still surprised, and a bit worried, by the power of the technology he released upon the world.

The patterns within DNA are unique to each individual, except identical twins, who share the same pattern. The ability to identify these patterns has been used to convict murderers and to clear people who are wrongly accused. It is also used to identify the victims of war and settle disputes over who is the father of a child.

Jeffrey said he and his colleagues made the discovery by accident while tracking genetic variations. But, within six months of the discovery, genetic fingerprinting had been used in an immigration case, to prover that an African boy really was his parents'son. In 1986, it was used for the first time in a British criminal case: It cleared one suspect after being accused of two rapes and murders and helped convict another man.

DNA testing is now very common. In Britain, a national criminal database established in 1995 now contains 2.5 million DNA samples(样本). The U.S. and Canada are devloping similar systems. But there are fears about the stored DNA samples and how they could be used to harm a person's privacy. That includes a person's medical history, racial origin or psychological profile. "There is the long-term risk that people can get into these samples and start getting additional information about a person's paternity or risk of disease," Jeffrey said.

DNA testing is not an unfailing proof of identity. Till, it is considered a reasonably reliable system for determining the things it is used for. Jeffrey estimates(估计) the probability of two individuals'DNA profiles maching in the most commonly used tests at between one in a billion or one in a trillion.

52. The passage is mainly about___________________________ .
A) the discovery of fingerprinting by Jeffery
B) the practice of fingerprinting in court
C) the fingerprinting in the present situation
D) the merits and demerits of fingerprinting

53.The phrase "stumbled upon"(Line 1, Para. 1) is closest in meaning to " ______________ ".
A) discovered after great efforts
B) found out quite by chance
C) amazed and confused by
D) invented in experiments

54. The significance of the DNA fingerprinting is that_________________.
A) the patterns of genetic material are unique in everybody
B) it can be used to identify criminals by testing their DNAs
C) DNA testing can tell the wated information of some people
D) DNA testing can help those who are wrongly accused

55. The British DNA database is established to .
A) find the identical DNA profiles
B) help criminal investigations
C) store people's personal information
D) treat people of potential diseases

56.By saying"DNA testing is not an unfailing proof of identity", the author means ____________________________ .
A) DNA testing can be wrong in its practices
B) there are identical patterns of genetic material
C) many people have the identical DNA profiles
D) DNA testing are endangering people's privacy


Passage Two
In recent years crisis in welfare states has been high on the political scheme both in the Scandinavian（斯堪的那维亚）countries and elsewhere. The crisis consists of many individual elements and is partly due to the fact that the present welfare arrangements originated and developed in the 1960s and 1970s at a time of high economic growth and low unemployment. It has never been the intention either with unemployment, sickness benefits or with cash benefits that so many people should receive them or that they should receive them for so long as has been the case in recent years. The financing of the welfare state has thus become a problem, and as it has not been politically possible to increase taxes, which are already very high.The question is therefore whether the national compromise can be maintained in the future. Generally speaking, the changes and cuts which have been made in the s in the Scandinavian countries in recent years--and there are actually many-foretell an on-going adaptation of the systems to the present economic situation. This does not mean that changes are being the concept of the welfare state, i.e. that it is the intention to adopt another welfare model. However, there is already now much to suggest that a more fragmented is slowly but surely emerging in the Scandinavian countries.

In all the Scandinavian countries a supplementary has developed in recent years, giving greater benefits to those who are in the labor market. This is a clear deviation from the equality principle that is at the heart of the Scandinavian welfare model. The breach has occurred partly because better arrangements have been reached relating to maternity leave, sickness and pensions through the free collective agreements between employers and employees that regulate conditions in the labor markets in all the Scandinavian countries. That is to say benefits that are paid out to the vast majority of employees in the Scandinavian labor markets, who are included in such an agreement--but not to all citizens.

57. The cause of the crisis in welfare states is that_______________________.
A) the economy of these countries has been on the verge of collapse
B) there are too few people enjoying the social welfare
C) the economical situation in these countries has worsened
D) the has been outdated in the present situation

58. According to the passage, the financing of the welfare society becomes a problem because_______________________.
A) the tax rate is too low in these countries
B) the tax rate is too high in these countries
C) the population has grown larger but national revenue declined
D) the growth of population has exceeded that of the economy

59. The Scandinavian countries are___________________ .
A) considering a different welfare model
B) preparing to partially modify the welfare model
C) cutting down the
D) building a new welfare society

60. In the supplementary ,__________________.
A) everyone is entitled to the same rights only if he/she is a citizen
B) employers and employees have reshaped the old
C) new agreements have been reached in the labor markets
D) the equality principle is still at the core for all citizens

61.According to the article, in the supplementary , everyone doesn't have_____________________ .
A) the same rights to receive education
B) the same rights to enjoy pensions
C) the same medical care support
D) the same unemployment subsidy


Section B
Passage One
52. D 文章主旨题。这一题涉及到整篇文章的大体内容，A，B，C三个选项的内容在文中都有涉及，但是文章单单说明这几点。我们从后面的文章中可以看到，DNA指纹的发现既有它的好处也有它的坏处，因此，答案是D。

53. B 词义辨析题。我们在文章的第一段第一句可以找到"stumbled upon"。但是这里并没有说清楚这个词的含义，只能确定Alec Jeffrey发现了这一方法。文章的第三段第一句接着说明了他是如何发现这一点的。由此可见，他们是无意中发现这一点的，所以答案是B。

54. C 细节题。这一题的问题是关于DNA指纹的优点的。文章第二段谈到了这一点，A选项是不正确的，因为双胞胎的DNA指纹是相同的。B，D两个选项只是DNA指纹的一种运用方式，只有C选项完整地表述了DNA指纹的优点，所以答案是C。

55. B 细节题。这一题的DNA数据库的目的。我们在文章的第四段可以找到与"British DNA database"相关的内容，"In Britain, a national criminal database"。由此可见，这个数据库的目的就是帮助调查犯罪，所以答案是B。

56. B 细节题。这一题的问题涉及一个句子的意思。我们从第五段第三句中可以看出，Jeffrey认为有相同DNA指纹的人出现的几率在十亿分之一百亿分之一之间。也就是说，尽管几率很小，还是有相同的可能性，这才是作者为什么说DNA指纹不总是完全准确的原因，所以答案是B。

Passage Two
57. C 细节题。这一题的重点在"crisis in welfare states"。文章的第一段就谈到了福利社会的危机问题，建立福利社会时的经济状况比现在要好很多，这是现在的福利社会出现问题的主要原因，所以这一题的答案是C。人口在不断增加，享受福利制度的人也在增加；同时，这些国家的经济状况还没有走到崩溃的地步；福利社会也没有过时，只是需要一些改进。

58. D 辨别题。这一题的重点在"the financing of the welfare society"上。文章第一段第四句就谈到了这一点，"The financing of the welfare state has thus become a problem"。由此可见，问题的原因在上文，即第一段的第三句。通过对四个选项的分析，我们可以看出，只有D选项符合原文的意思，所以答案是D。

59. B 细节题。文章第一段倒数第二句说道，"This does not mean that changes are being the concept of the welfare state"。由此可见，问题不是要否定福利社会体系，而是作出一些调整。只有B选项是符合原文意思的，所以答案是B。

60. C 细节题。这一题的重点在"the supplementary "上。通过对四个选项的分析，我们可以看出，这一题的问题是"the supplementary "的特点。这一点在文章第二段第三句中谈到了，"through the free collective agreements between employers and employees"。由此可见，C选项才是正确的答案。

61. A 辨别题。通过对四个选项的分析，我们可以看出，这一题的重点在于"the supplementary "之下，每个人拥有什么样的权利。从上一题中，我们知道，"the supplementary "是一种雇主与雇员之间的协议，只有A选项不是在这个范围以内，受教育的权利在工作之前就有保障，所以答案是A。