2011年英语六级考试全真预测题（第1组）速读

Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Buying the Best Insurance for Your Business

Gabrielle Melchionda broke into tears when firefighters accidentally flooded the headquarters of Mad Gab’s, the beauty company she had founded two decades ago, even though she knew that insurance would replace the desks, computers, and shelves of lip balm(唇膏)she had lost. To her surprise, however, the real pain came in the months that followed, when she continued to owe salaries and rent while her sales slowed to a trickle(滴，淌，细流).

“The critical piece that was missing was business-interruption insurance,” said Ms. Melchionda, who had property and liability insurance but had never got around to adding a policy that replaces income lost after accidents.
Business owners have plenty of stories like Ms. Melchionda’s, of policies that didn’t cover enough damage or covered the wrong risk. Some of these complaints can be attributed to tight-fisted insurance companies or misinformed agents, but the fault often lies with entrepreneurs (企业家)who gloss over their insurance decisions.

“Generally speaking, small-business owners are not completely aware of the coverage they have or the coverage they need,” said Steven Spiro, an independent insurance agent, explaining that many small-business owners buy insurance simply to comply with the requirements of an office lease.

Picking an Agent

Buying insurance can be intimidating(使人胆怯的), and it’s difficult to know who is trying to take advantage of you and who is giving honest advice. That’s why you should start by asking other entrepreneurs in your industry what kinds of insurance they carry and who they bought it from. There are three types of vendors who can help you pick insurance: independent agents, captive agents(专属代理人), and risk consultants.

Independent agents, also known as brokers, offer the greatest choice because they typically represent many carriers. They are paid on commission by the insurance company, between 10 percent and 20 percent of the annual premium depending on the policy. Beware: because some carriers pay a higher commission than others, brokers may be tempted to play favorites.

Captive agents represent one insurance company that pays them a salary and commands their loyalty. Some companies such as Allstate only deal with their own agents; that means you can only buy their policies through one of their agents.

Both independent and captive agents receive bonuses at the end of the year based on their ratio of policies sold to damages paid. That means it’s in their interest to sell you as much insurance as possible and minimize your claims as much as possible.

Understand, also, that most agents focus solely on insurance. “Sometimes there are solutions to your problem that might be better treated without insurance,” said Arthur Flitner, a small-business expert at the Insurance Institute of America. In some cases, for example, it makes more financial sense to self-insure against certain property risks by setting up a rainy-day fund, or to minimize lawsuit risks by enforcing strict employment policies.

That’s when a risk consultant can help. Because they’re costly — you’ll usually pay a few thousand dollars for a basic project — it makes sense to hire a risk expert only if you have an unusually risky operation, or run a business with more than, say, $25 million in revenue(收入)or more than 100 employees.

After you’ve found some trustworthy vendors, it’s time to shop for bids. Go to as many brokers and agents as you like, but keep in mind that insurance companies won’t bid on the same account through different brokers.

Picking a Policy

If you’re grossing less than $3 million, you will most likely end up with a business owners policy, known as a B.O.P., which bundles business policies and lets you add additional pieces as necessary. Every carrier assembles its B.O.P. differently, so make sure you’re making accurate comparisons when shopping.

If you are grossing more than $3 million, you will probably have to buy your policies separately. There are four policies you really can’t do business without if you have more than a couple of employees:

Workers’ compensation is required by state law and covers workers’ medical expenses, disability pay and death benefits. Rates vary widely by industry and occupation. While the premiums for a secretary might be 22 cents per $100 of payroll, the rate for a roofer might exceed $20 per $100 of payroll. Make sure your business is classified correctly, and don’t try to pass off your toy factory (manufacturing is considered high-risk) as a design firm (low risk). Once employees start filing claims, carriers will conclude that you are a riskier-than-usual design firm and raise your premiums.

Property insurance covers your physical premises as well as equipment in your office. Rates vary widely, depending on the age of your building, how far it is from the fire department, and whether it is made of steel or wood.
Beware of coinsurance clauses, which allow carriers to pay only a share of damages if they believe you underinsured your property. Instead, ask your broker to add “agreed value” coverage in which you and the insurance company agree on an appropriate insurance level. This can add up to 15 percent to your premiums, but it leaves less room for dispute later.

General liability insurance covers injuries your company causes to other people’s health, property or reputation. Rates usually take into account factors like revenue, size of your offices and number of customers. Most basic packages cover $1 million for each occurrence; umbrella policies can add more coverage quite cheaply.

If it’s available, make sure you buy the more expensive “occurrence” policy, which covers you for accidents at the time they occurred — even if you have since left the business and your policy has lapsed — as opposed to a “claims made” policy, which covers you only if you are insured when the claim is made.

Business interruption insurance — the kind Ms. Melchionda should have had — pays not just the lost sales and rent and payroll costs while you rebuild your business after an accident; it also pays for you to rent a temporary office or equipment so you can get back on your feet faster.

These policies are just the first building blocks of your insurance coverage. There are dozens of other policies you could add, depending on the kind of business you run. Some, like medical malpractice for doctors and hospitals, are absolutely essential, while others are pure waste. To determine what you need, start by asking yourself two questions: how likely is it that you’ll sustain damage, and could you cover the cost of the damage yourself? As experts like to point out, insurance is meant to cover catastrophes, not pay for maintenance.

“It’s a gamble,” said George Von York, a public adjuster who helps business owners negotiate higher claims payments from insurers. “Most people will never have a substantial claim in their life. But boy, when you need it, it’s good to have that coverage.”

1. The passage mainly focuses on .
A) how to buy the most suitable insurance for your own business
B) how to pick an agent for you own business
C) how to pick a policy when you buy the insurance
D) how to deal with the insurance company

2. Gabrielle Melchionda .
A) did not realize that the insurance company will compensate her loss in the fire
B) realized the real pain for her loss in the fire when the fire broke out
C) had her company insured against business-interruption
D) was very sorrowful when her beauty company caught fire

3. Buying insurance sometimes is frightening in that .
A) you should ask other people in your industry for the advice
B) it is not easy to distinguish the honest advice and the lie
C) there are different types of agents for you to choose
D) you do not know where to buy insurance for your company

4. If you have an unusually risky operation .
A) you should find a trustworthy vendor
B) you should seek help from insurance company
C) you are supposed to hire a risk expert
D) you are supposed to weigh the risk of your company by yourself

5. What kind of policy is required by the state law?
A) Workers’ compensation
B) Property insurance
C) General liability insurance
D) Business interruption insurance

6. In the policy of “worker’s compensation”, the rates _______________.
A) are the same in different occupation
B) are the same in different industries
C) are different in different occupation but the same in different industries
D). are different in different industries and occupations

7. George Von York ________________.
A) thinks to most people it is not necessary to buy insurance
B) thinks we are supposed to buy certain insurance in our life
C) is a public adjuster who charges higher claims payments from insurers
D) is an excellent seller in insurance

8. Property insurance covers your physical premises as well as .
9. It is necessary for you to buy the more expensive occurrence policy if it is .
10. Business interruption insurance also pays for you to rent .

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

原文精译

【1】给自己的事业买最好的保险
消防队无意之中淹没了Mad Gab's的总部，Mad Gab's是Gabrielle Melchionda二十多年前建立的美容公司。尽管Melchionda知道，保险公司会替她换掉损坏的桌椅、电脑以及唇膏架子，但她仍泪流满面。然而，让她吃惊的是，随后几个月，才是真正的痛苦，她一直亏欠工资和租金，销售额慢的像涓涓细流。

【2】Melchionda女士说，“没有投保最重要的企业停顿保险”。她已经投保了财产险和责任险，却从没有想到多买一张保单，以承担事故之后的收入损失。
企业主们有很多类似Melchionda女士的经历。他们的很多保单要么不足以涵盖所有损失，要么投保了错误的风险。关于保险的怨言，有些可以归咎于吝啬的保险公司或信息有误的代理人，更多却是因为企业家自己的保险决策不够全面。
独立的保险代理人Steven Spiro说，“一般来讲，干小生意的人并不太清楚他们拥有或需要的保险范围”。他解释，这些人买保险只是为了遵守办公室租赁条约的要求。
选择代理人

【3】买保险可能让人胆怯，很难知道哪些人是想利用你，哪些人是给你忠告。所以你应该咨询同行的企业家们，他们购买了何种保险以及是向谁购买的。有三类人可以帮你选择保险：独立代理人，专属代理人，风险咨询师。
独立代理人，别称“经纪人”，因为他们代表很多家保险公司，所以可以提供很好的选择。保险公司付他们佣金，一般是一张保单每年保险费的10%到20%。注意：由于某些保险公司付给更多佣金，这些经纪人可能受到诱惑，会有私心和偏爱。
专属代理人代表某一家保险公司，从该保险公司领取薪水，并对其绝对忠诚。一些诸如Allstate的公司只和自己的代理人打交道;也就是说，你只能通过该家保险公司的代理人来购买此公司的保险。
每年年末，按照卖出去的保险和赔偿损失之间的比率，独立代理人和专属代理人都可拿到奖金。这意味着，卖给你尽可能多的保险，而最小化你的索赔，是符合他们利益的。
也要理解，大部分代理人只注意保险。美国保险研究所主要从事小本生意研究的专家Arthur Flitner说，“有时候，没有保险，你的问题反而可能处理的更好。”比如说，建立基金以备不时之需，自己为自己投保来应对某些财产风险;或执行严格的雇佣政策，减少诉讼风险，从经济角度来看，这些更有意义。
这时就需要风险咨询师的帮助了。他们收费很高，一个简单的项目就要花费几千美元。
【4】如果你的运作有很大风险，如果你的公司一年收入2500万美元，如果你的公司有100多名员工，这时候雇佣风险专家，才有意义。
找到了可信的代理人，接下来就要买保险了。你想去找多少个代理人都可以，但是需要记住：同样的保险项目，保险公司不会寻找不同的代理人。
选择保单
如果公司总值低于300万美元，你很有可能需要被称为B.O.P.的业主保单，它把业务保单集中在一起，还让你增添必要的保单。每个保险公司的B.O.P.都不一样，购买的时候，要确保自己进行了精确的比较。
如果公司总值高于300万美元，你可能必须分开购买保险。如果公司有几十名员工，做生意不得不买的保单有四个：

【5】员工赔偿保险是州法律要求的，它涵盖员工的医疗费用、残疾人士福利金和死亡赔偿。

【6】保险比率因行业和职业不同相差甚远。秘书的保险费可能是，每100美元工资给付22美分，而盖顶工可能是，每100美元给付20多美元。确保你的生意分类正确，不要把玩具厂(制造业被认为是高风险的)误归为设计公司(低风险)。雇员填写索赔表格时，保险公司会认为，你的公司是一个风险系数比较高的设计公司，从而提高保险费。

【7】公共调解员George Von York说，“这是场赌博”。他帮助业主和保险公司谈判，以期获得更多赔偿。“大部分人一辈子也没有得到实在的赔偿。但是，孩子，在你需要时，最好还是有保险。”

【8】财产保险包括房产和办公室里的设备。所在建筑的年龄大小，距离消防队的远近，建筑材料是钢铁还是木材，都会使保险比率大有不同。
要注意共同保险条款，如果保险公司认为投保金额不足，这个条款允许保险公司只赔偿部分损失。让代理人加上“协定保险价额 ”，你和保险公司认同一个合适的保险价值。这可能让保险费提高15%，却减少了随后的争端。来源：www.233.com
一般责任保险涵盖公司对他人健康、财产或名誉带来的伤害损失。一般来说，保险费的比率要考虑以下因素：收入，办公室规模，客户数量。大多数的基本成套保险，是每次危险保100万美元;而伞状保单以相对低的价格涵盖更大范围。

【9】如果可能，一定买比较贵的“发生”保单，它在事故发生当时就给你赔偿，哪怕你已停业或保单已过期。“索赔”保单与此相反，它只有在你受保期间索赔才有效。

【10】企业停顿保险——Melchionda女士本该买的保险，它不仅赔偿事故之后房子重建期间的销售损失、房租、工资损失;还出钱帮你租赁临时办公室或设备，这样你可以尽快的回到轨道上去。

这些保单仅仅是投保的开始。根据你经营的生意种类，还可增加其他几十个保单。像医生、医院的医疗过失保险，这些非常重要;而另一些纯粹是浪费。想要决定你需要哪些保险，可以先问自己两个问题：你承受损失的可能性有多大，你自己可以赔偿所有损失吗?正如专家指出的那样，保险旨在赔偿大灾难，而不是日常维护。

1. 答案 A
解析：本题考查考生对整篇文章大意的掌握。本篇快速阅读的标题为“为自己的公司买最好的保险”，暗示文章内容围绕着如何买保险而展开的。选项A是标题的同义表述，而B、C、D仅仅涉及了买保险过程中的某一个因素。
2. 答案D
解析：题干中的人名Gabrielle Melchionda出现在文章一开始。文章开头讲述Melchionda女士的遭遇。因为没有保“企业停顿保险”，Melchionda女士蒙受了损失，感到痛苦。答案D是正确选项。
3. 答案B
解析：题干中in that相当于连词because，表示原因。考题考查买保险为什么让人感到害怕。考生可定位在文章的第五段，文章提及有些是忠告，有些却是在利用投保人，而这之间很难分辨。选项B是对此句话的总结。
4. 答案C
解析：考题考查在特定的情况下，投保人应该如何做。考生可根据题干中“如果你的运作有很大风险”，将答案定位在第一个小标题picking an agent的最后两段，文章讲到，此时你需要雇风险咨询师，所以选项C是正确答案。
5. 答案A
解析：考题问到，州法律要求的保险是什么?第二个小标题picking a policy下面的第三段中讲“员工赔偿保险是州法律要求”，所以选项A是正确答案。
6. 答案D
解析：根据题干中的“worker's compensation”，考生可继续锁定第二个小标题下的第三段，原文中讲“Rates vary widely by industry and occupation”，其中vary意为“不同，变动”，和选项D中的be different同义。
7. 答案B
解析：根据题干中的人名George Von York，考生可锁定文章的最后一段，George Von York认为保险就是一场赌博，一辈子可能用不到，可是又不能没有，如果有可能，你还是需要买保险。从中可以看出George Von York的态度，他是建议人们买保险的，而选项C是个干扰项，他并不是向投保人收费很高，而是帮助投保人获得更高的索赔。
8. 答案equipment in your office
解析：根据题干，考生可找到第二个小标题picking a policy下面的第四段，它讲到财产保险涵盖的方面。
9. 答案available
解析：根据题干，考生可锁定第二个小标题picking a policy下面的第七段，原文讲到买这种保险的条件。
10. 答案a temporary office or equipment
解析：根据题干中的business interruption insurance，考生可锁定第二个小标题picking a policy下面的第八段，文中提及“企业停顿保险”的承保内容。